A formal accusation of criminal wrongdoing, handed down by a grand jury, can be kept secret from the public. This measure, often employed in complex or sensitive investigations, ensures that the accused is unaware of the charges against them. For example, in cases involving organized crime or terrorism, prematurely revealing the existence of the accusatory instrument could jeopardize ongoing investigations, allowing suspects to flee or destroy evidence.
The practice offers several advantages. It preserves the integrity of investigations by preventing suspects from tampering with evidence or intimidating witnesses. Furthermore, it protects the reputations of individuals who are ultimately not charged. Historically, this procedural mechanism has been vital in bringing down criminal enterprises and safeguarding national security interests by enabling law enforcement to operate discreetly until the appropriate time to make arrests and public announcements. This tactic gives law enforcement a strategic advantage.
