When two vessels are approaching each other and a risk of collision exists, one vessel has the responsibility to maintain its course and speed, while the other is obligated to take early and substantial action to avoid the encounter. The vessel that is required to take action to avoid a collision is termed the give-way vessel. For instance, in a crossing situation, a vessel that has another on its starboard (right) side is typically the give-way vessel. It must take action to avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.
Understanding the give-way vessel’s obligations is vital for maritime safety and collision avoidance. Adherence to these rules prevents accidents, protects lives, and minimizes environmental damage. Historically, formalized rules regarding right of way have evolved over centuries, reflecting experience and contributing significantly to the safety and efficiency of maritime navigation.
