A pharmacological stress test utilizing adenosine or regadenoson (Lexiscan) is a diagnostic procedure employed to assess blood flow to the heart muscle. This test is typically performed on individuals who are unable to undergo a traditional exercise stress test due to physical limitations or other medical conditions. The medication, either adenosine or regadenoson, mimics the effects of exercise by dilating the coronary arteries, thereby increasing blood flow to the heart. A radioactive tracer is injected, and imaging, typically a nuclear scan, is performed to visualize the distribution of blood flow. Areas with reduced blood flow may indicate the presence of coronary artery disease.
The value of this diagnostic method lies in its ability to identify potential heart problems in individuals who cannot exercise adequately. This allows for early detection and intervention, potentially preventing more serious cardiac events. Historically, pharmacological stress tests using agents like dipyridamole were developed as alternatives to exercise stress testing. Adenosine and regadenoson are more selective, and regadenoson (Lexiscan) offers a shorter duration of action and more convenient administration, improving patient comfort and test efficiency.
