Several species across the animal kingdom prey upon hornets. These predators consume hornets as a source of sustenance, contributing to the ecological balance of their respective environments. Examples include certain bird species, such as bee-eaters, as well as mammals like badgers and skunks, which may raid hornet nests. Furthermore, some insects, particularly certain types of beetles and flies, will target hornet larvae.
Controlling hornet populations can prevent significant agricultural damage, as hornets sometimes prey on beneficial insects and can damage fruit crops. Understanding natural predation mechanisms offers a valuable approach to integrated pest management. Historically, observing these natural interactions has informed strategies for biological control in agricultural settings and contributed to a greater understanding of trophic dynamics.