The gradual loss of charge in a battery when it is not connected to a load is a key characteristic. This phenomenon occurs due to internal chemical reactions within the battery. For instance, a fully charged battery left unused will slowly decrease in its state of charge over time.
Understanding this rate is vital for optimizing battery storage and maintenance, extending service life, and ensuring reliable power availability when needed. Historical advancements in battery technology have focused on minimizing this loss to improve overall efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The rate is affected by factors like temperature, storage conditions, and the battery’s age.