Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) represents a class of firefighting agents used to extinguish flammable liquid fires. This specialized foam works by creating a film that rapidly spreads across the fuel surface, suppressing vapors and preventing reignition. An instance of coming into contact with these substances occurs when firefighters use AFFF during training exercises, or when individuals work or reside near locations where AFFF has been deployed or stored. Such scenarios may lead to the intake or absorption of specific chemicals found within the foam.
Understanding the nature of these interactions is crucial due to potential long-term health implications. Historically, AFFF was widely adopted for its effectiveness in rapidly controlling fires at airports, military bases, and industrial facilities. The advantages of its quick suppression capabilities were initially prioritized; however, subsequent research has raised concerns regarding the persistence and potential bioaccumulation of certain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) found in some AFFF formulations.
