The composition of the substance often used as a paint thinner and solvent is a complex mixture of aliphatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons are derived from petroleum and are carefully refined to achieve specific properties, such as volatility and solvency power. Variations in the specific hydrocarbon blend result in different grades of the product, each suited for particular applications.
Its value lies in its ability to dissolve oil-based paints, resins, and adhesives, making it essential for surface preparation, cleanup, and thinning. Historically, it has provided a cost-effective and relatively safe alternative to more aggressive solvents. The carefully controlled hydrocarbon composition contributes to its effectiveness and reduces the risk of harmful effects compared to earlier solvents.